11月22日公布的《2021美国门户开放报告》显示 2020至2021学年，美国大学新增国际学生数量比上一学年骤降46%，国际学生人数减少15%，中国大陆学生人数下降14.8%，但中国大陆仍然是美国国际学生的最大生源地。11月22日公布的《2021美国门户开放报告》显示，受新冠疫情影响，全球各地区赴美就读和在国外上网课的美国高校留学生人数均有下降。All places of origin and regions saw declines in the number of students enrolled at US higher education institutions and online from abroad due to the COVID-19 pandemic, according to The Open Doors 2021 Report on International Educational Exchange, released Monday.疫情主要影响美国大学新增国际学生数量。根据美国国务院教育与文化事务局和美国国际教育协会发布的报告，这类学生数量下降了46%。The global pandemic primarily affected international students studying at a US university for the first time, or new international students. That segment declined by 46 percent, according to the report, launched by the US Department of State's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs and the Institute of International Education.中国的赴美留学生仍然是最多的，在2020-21学年的914095名外国留学生中，中国留学生的比例略高于三分之一。根据这份年度报告，赴美留学总人数比上一学年减少了15%。China remained the top place of origin of all international students, contributing slightly more than one-third of the total 914,095 foreign students in the 2020-21 academic year. That overall number represented a decrease of 15 percent from the previous academic year, according to the annual report.美国的留学生第二大来源地是印度，占美国留学生总数的18.3%。今年，来自中国和印度的留学生人数分别下降了14.8%和13.2%。The second-largest place of origin is India, which had 18.3 percent of all international students in the US. Both Chinese and Indian groups declined this year by 14.8 percent and 13.2 percent, respectively.与前几年一样，略超过半数的留学生选择了科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）领域的专业，外国学生占美国高校学生总数的4.6%，为2014-15学年以来的最低比例。As in previous years, slightly more than half of international students pursued a major in a science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) field, and in all, foreign students represented 4.6 percent of all students in US higher education, the lowest mix since the 2014-15 academic year.虽然新冠疫情是影响留学生入学的主要因素，但作为美国最大的留学生来源地，中美之间的紧张关系让一些最近打算赴美留学的中国学生感到不安。While the COVID-19 pandemic was a primary factor affecting enrollment, the strained relationship between the US and China, the largest source of international students for the US, has made itself felt for some Chinese students who sought to enter the US recently.中国外交部发言人汪文斌11月3日表示，针对中国赴美留学、访学人员的“无理滋扰打压事件频繁发生”。There have been "frequent incidents of unwarranted harassment and suppression" targeting Chinese students and visiting fellows to the US, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said on Nov 3.汪文斌在例行记者会上表示，就在近日，一名持美政府签发的合法签证的中国访问学者又在入境时遭美方无理盘查后被遣返。今年8月以来有近30名中国赴美留学、访学人员遭受此类不公正待遇。Just the other day, a Chinese visiting scholar holding a valid visa issued by the US government was repatriated after being interrogated without cause upon entry, and about 30 Chinese students and visiting scholars have been subjected to the same "unjust" treatment by the US since August, Wang said at a daily news briefing.汪文斌指出，美国大肆泛化国家安全概念，无理滋扰中国学生学者，试图在中国赴美留学人员当中制造寒蝉效应。Wang noted that the US had "stretched" the concept of national security to "wantonly harass" Chinese students and scholars in an attempt to produce a "chilling effect" among Chinese personnel pursuing studies in the US.当被问及特朗普政府收紧中国学生签证的规定与中国学生人数“明显下降”有何关系时，负责学术项目的美国副助理国务卿伊桑·罗森茨威格表示，“美国会在欢迎学生的同时，保护美国国家安全”。Asked to comment on how the tightened rules the Trump administration put in place on Chinese student visas were related to the "noticeable dip" in the number of Chinese students, Ethan Rosenzweig, deputy assistant secretary of state for academic programs, said "we can welcome students and protect our national security at the same time".他在《美国门户开放报告》新闻发布会上表示：“我要强调的是，在过去十年中，中国赴美留学人数增加了两倍。在拜登政府和教育部的联合声明中，你可以看到我们正在扩大留学生人数，我们欢迎学生们到美国来接受教育。”"I'll stress that we've tripled the number of Chinese students here in the US over the last decade. And in the Biden administration with our joint statement, you can see that we are amplifying, that we welcome students to the United States here for their educational purposes," he said at a briefing on the release of the Open Doors report.罗森茨威格表示，美国国务院和教育部共同签署的支持国际教育的联合声明表明，国际学生对外交、创新、经济繁荣和国家安全至关重要。The joint statement of principles in support of international education, co-signed by both the US state and education departments, said that international students are central to diplomacy, innovation, economic prosperity and national security, according to Rosenzweig.根据美国商务部的数据，2020年，国际学生为美国经济贡献了390亿美元（约合人民币2491亿元），其中143亿美元（约合人民币914亿元）（36%）来自中国学生。International students contributed $39 billion to the US economy in 2020, of which $14.3 billion, or 36 percent, came from Chinese students, according to the US Department of Commerce.罗森茨威格在接受《中国日报》采访时称：“因此，无论是来自广州、北京、上海、青岛的学生，我们都表示欢迎，就像我们欢迎其他所有希望在美国学习的华人群体一样。”"So whether students from Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai, Qingdao, they're welcome here along with everyone else in the Chinese community that wants to study here," Rosenzweig told China Daily.一位负责领事事务的美国官员在线上新闻发布会上表示，美国驻华大使馆和领事馆在2021财年发放了85000多份学生签证。The US embassy and consulates in China had issued more than 85,000 student visas to applicants in the fiscal year 2021, an American official on consular affairs said at the online press briefing.美国国际教育协会研究、评估和学习负责人米尔卡·马特尔指出，中国仍然是美国高校优先考虑推广和招生的国家。China remains a top country for US colleges and universities to prioritize for outreach and recruitment, noted Mirka Martel, Head of Research, Evaluation and Learning with the Institute of International Education.调查显示，在接受调查的860所美国高等教育机构中，约有一半（51%）高校在利用现有国际学生、线上招生活动和社交媒体推广进行招生宣传时，优先考虑中国的潜在国际学生。Slightly half of the surveyed 860 US higher education institutions, or 51 percent, are giving priority to target prospective international students in China, leveraging current international students, online recruitment events, and social media outreach, according to the survey.（来源：China Daily 编辑：董静）